Flatting finish composition and process of making same.



res Parana orrrcn.

)CARLETON nLLrs or IVIONTCLAIR, new JERSEY.

" ,rjta'r'rmo FINISH COMPOSITION AND PROCESS or MAKING SAME.

stormin To, all whom it may concern:

.Be it'known that I, CARLETON ELL1s,a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Montclair, in the county'of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Flatting Finish'Compositions and Processes of Making -San1e, of which the following is a specificanzm.-

This inventionrelates to paints and similar varnish compositions and the like, for

coating wood and other surfaces and relates a forth in the appended claims.

in particular to finish compositions capable of drying to a flat or matt surface, all as more fully hereinafter described and set In order to prepare a paint drying with afiat surface, or 'matt efiect, it has been proposed to make use of Chinese wood oil and a lithopone' pigment, thereby taking advantage of the tendency of Chinese wood oil to dry flat and also of the rather coarse structure of'lithopone, which aids in giving the requisite surface through the rough character of tile-pigment particles. According to my observations, 'if a small amount of kieselguhr is added to a paint, it will cause a flat surface to be produced, but the kieselguhr has a't'endency to make such surface somewhat spongy, due doubtless to the very light voluminous character ofkieselguhr. Waxes such as parafiin, ceresin and beeswax and the likewhen added in sufiicient quantity to produce a really desirable flat efiect, greatly retard the drying, and attempts at the correction of this,' by addition of excessive amounts of driertends to result in a coating of a more perishable character.

. The products prepared by treating fatty oils, such as vegetable oil and particularly cottonseed andv corn oil and the like with hydrogeninthe presence of a catalyzer to cause a yery substantial degree of hydrogenation, yieldf products I which when incorporated with d'ryi'ngfoils', etc, produce a -i very desirable flatefiect and thin layers of such finishmateri-al. when e xposed tothe'air dry without any considerable degree of retardation and yield a suflioiently hard coating. Tosecure the best results with such Specification of Letters Patent.

Hardened oil The hardenedoil is melted and reduced- Patented Feb. 29, 1916.

Application filed December 26, 1914. Serial No. 879,214.

hardened product, it is well to carry the hydrogenation operation to a point Where the melting or titre is approximately 58 to 68 (1, or even higher. If allowed to drop to the titre of oleostearin for example, there is a tendency tocause a too greasy character of the product and to retard the drying and to render the paint film undesirably soft. 4

While lithopone and similar coarse grained pigments enable flat varnishes to be produced, with Chinese wood oil, or possibly even with more or less linseed oil present, the case is the reverse with a very fine pigment such as white lead, made by the Dutch process or in a similar way, which when'made into a paint with linseed oil and thinner, dries with a gloss. For a considerable amount of interior work, however, and also for exterior worka flat or glossfree efi ect is required and the treatment of a white-lead linseed oil paint toatl'ord a product which when dry exhibits a hardand durable surface with the proper matt or dull finish, which when applied, flows freely under the brush, which iscompatible with the pigments employed, which does not give off any undesirable odors to render rooms which are painted with the material highly unpleasant to occupy, which does not show undesirable fluctuations in consistency with the temperature changes and which will remain in a permanently good condition when packaged and placed in storage, has been desired. I

By the use of a highly hardened oil, such as thoroughly hardened cottonseed oil, the desired fiat effect-hwy be secured with a maximum of benefit and minimum of the disadvantages inferred from the foregoing. Only a small amount of the hardened oil is required to produce a flatting action and a formula which Will illustrate'the useo this material is the, following 1 z.-Boiledlinseed oil 1 10 liters Whitei1ead paste 25 30 kilos. I a Heavy benzin 15 liters. p 1 kilo, v

1 titre 1 kilo, 'kieselguhr 1 kilo.

- Variouspigments in addition to White lead may be'used including whiting, barytes, china clay, mineral'red, lithopone, aluminiim oXid and the like.

high a able proportions as for example in the formula herein given. The hardened linseed oil may beused where simply hardened oil with the thinner or the linseed oil, and the composition prepared by incorporating the several ingredients. The white lead paste referred to is ordinary white lead ground in oil to make the form of stiff paste customarily found on the market.

- In place of linseed oil, other drying oils Chinese wood oil and various semi-drying oils, or if desired non-drying oils, or petroleum, or mineral oil may be added in greater or less quantities, according to' circumstances, although the latter are. ordinarily not to be recommended. Similarly, wax such as ceresin or beeswax and the like may be added, although as indicated these tend to retard drying and are ordinarily not de-' sired in ,any substantial amount.

Additions. of such materials are noted simply for the purpose of making clear that it is possible to use these or other waxes more or less in conjunction With the hardened oil, although as a rule no benefit is derived thereby and in fact more often such additions will be disadvantageous.

The'harderied oil remains ina satisfactory state of solutionor semi-precipitation in the paint and does not form objectionable crystallized masses, which work lumpy under the brush. 3

When it is desired to use no other oil but linseed in'the paint, a small quantity of' the linseed oil may be hardened to as titre as possible and used in suitis specified.

Another formula employingh'ardened linseed oil is as follows :10 liters linseed oil,

25 kilos white lead paste, 15 liters heavy benzin, 3 liters turpentine, 3 liters Japan drier, 11} kilos grease free hydrogenated oil.

Another formula illustrating the use of a more. complex composition is as-followsz-s- Linseed oil 10 liters, whitelead paste 20 kilos, barytes3 kilos, whiting 3 kilos, turpentine 5 liters, heavy benzm 10l1ters, co-

bait linoleate 1 kilo, ceresin wax 3; kilo, hy- I drogenated cottonseed or castor-oilj of 58 The foregoing description and illustration'are not intended to place anylimlton the scope andrange of equlvalency of the "method, formula and components men-. .6

tioned,'or to their proportions. It is however desirable to have a larger proportion of thinner than is employed in. ordinary I paint. Also itis possible to use petroleumv industry, exhibit the undesirable property ofv may be employed, if desired, including occur it is of a very slight or lnconsequenwhich. comprises adding theretoand thor- Jface comprising hydrogenated .oil.

face comprising hydrogenated vegetable oil.

benzin-or similar hydrocarbon thinner inplace of turpentine as drying takes place adily even if turpentine is not present.

Varnishes and paints containing strongly drying oils andmore particularly Chinese 7 through the varnish or into the container,

'so as to expel the air and-the can is immediately tightly closed, preferably in an atmosphere of carbon dioxid, the formation of such skin or pellicle is minimized or eliminated. Or if any such formation does tial nature. In the case particularly of Chinese-wood .oil preparations, as customarily ackaged, such a thick skin or pellicle forms in the course of time that a material portion of the oil is thereby lost or wasted, which loss is avoided in the present case.

- This method of treatment is applicable to the flattingvarnish described herein, as well as to ordinary varnishes and paintsand particularly to varnish compositions consisting in the main-.of Chinese wood oil andjrosin with the other-usual components, such-,as thinners, driers, etc, This a plication 's a. continuation ofjSerial No. 40,416; filed1Jan-. 6, 1913, in so far as such copending applicationrelates to the preparation of hydrogenatedproducts comprising waxes, or resins or metallic soaps; and resinates and is a continuation'of Serial 100 No.--808,4=61, filed Dec. 23, 1913, as relates tothe. combination.orgincorporation erh drogenated oil with solvents such asspirits of turpentine, or heavy benzin, coal tar naphtha and the like and otherivarnish ingredients, as. set forthin said applications.

What I claim is:-.-

- 1. The process of making a flat paint comprising essentially linseed 'oil' and white lead,

genated. vegetable'oiL- p ,2.- A paint capable of drying. to afiat sur-- oughly incorporating a modicumloif hydro- 3. A paint capable of drying to a flat sur- 4. A pamt-capable of drying to a sub-.

. stantially flatsurface,-. which comprises hydrogenated linseed oil.

surface, which comprises white lead, linseed oil'and hydrogenated oil. I I

' 6. A paint capabie of drying to a substantiallydull surface which comprises white '5. "A paint capableof asub'stantiallydull lead, linseed oil, athinner, a drier and a modicum of hard hydrogenated oil.

7. A paint capable of dryihg to a substan- Signed at Montclair in the coimty or tially d1 111 surface, which comprises linseed Essex and State of New Jersey this Mich-19 oihwfite 1efid,(:11-fi;hner and a s mallbi uaillday of December A. D. 1914. v tityo very ar y o enated vegeta e 0' 5 8. A paint comprisi ng a, hydrogenated CARLETON ELLIS vegetzble pil. dry WitligSSGSZC pamt comprlsmg a pigment a. NID URTIB, I ing oil and a hard hyfirogenated lycerid. CHARLEs E. VAUGHN. 

